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Presentación
INVESTMENT PROJECT
Chemical fumigation of grain in vertical grain storage facilities without moving the grain using the automated robotic device
SGFOne – a self-immersing in grain fumigator!
The project’s investment presentation can also be downloaded in PDF format from the page’s footer.
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Las instalaciones de almacenamiento de granos pueden ser horizontales. (single-storey warehouses) o vertical (silo-type grain storage facilities made of reinforced concrete or metal).
Vertical grain storage (tipo de silo) is the most technologically advanced and has the highest productivity. Vertical grain storage facilities (grain silos) are the most common in the world. Las alturas de almacenamiento de granos generalmente varían desde 6 Para 30 metros.
Grain silos (Vertical grain storage) facilities are grain storage systems that represent infrastructure that allows for the storage of significant volumes of grain and other bulk agricultural products. The main purpose of vertical grain storage is to protect and preserve grain from adverse environmental conditions, including pests.
Grain production is growing steadily, as are global food production and consumption. Storage of food grains is an integral part of the agricultural system, and the preservation and storage of grains should ensure food security for humanity. The growth rate of construction of new vertical grain storage facilities is expected to increase by more than 5% per year. Grain storage silos require less space than horizontal warehouses, which is expected to contribute to the growth of vertical grain storage capacity in the coming years. North America and Asia Pacific are expected to hold the largest share of the global vertical grain bins and storage systems market by 2033. Priority for types of storage of agricultural crops in the world in vertical grain storage facilities: rice, wheat, corn, soybeans, sunflower, other types of crops.
Fumigation—the control of grain pests—is an integral part of grain storage. Fumigation volumes will increase as grain storage volumes increase worldwide.
La fumigación química de los cereales durante el almacenamiento y el transporte sigue siendo el método más común y accesible para proteger los productos de cereales en la industria mundial de cereales..
The main goals of SGFOne are to reduce environmental risks at fumigation, reduce the costs of chemical fumigation and improve the safety of fumigation in grain storage facilities, as well as reduce restrictions during fumigation through the use of robotics and automation.
La fumigación de los cultivos de cereales se realiza después de la cosecha durante el almacenamiento en las instalaciones de almacenamiento de cereales..
A reinforced concrete silo grain storage building usually combines several silos (bunkers) for vertical storage of grain and has upper and lower technical rooms (galerías de ascensor superior e inferior). Metal vertical grain storage facilities are metal single bin (tanks) or combined into a group and connected to each other by a common grain transportation system.
Uso de equipos elevadores de granos eléctricos: cintas transportadoras, cargadores de barrena, cargadores neumáticos, grain is loaded into the grain storage and moved for cooling in winter and for fumigation.
La fumigación de granos se lleva a cabo en las instalaciones de almacenamiento de granos al menos una vez y con mayor frecuencia durante 6 meses de almacenamiento.
gas fosfina (PH3) se utiliza para la fumigación química de granos: un gas altamente tóxico que penetra el tracto respiratorio de las plagas, incluyendo lugares de difícil acceso dentro de la masa de grano, La fosfina bloquea la respiración celular., evitando la absorción de oxígeno y los procesos normales de oxidación.. También paraliza el sistema nervioso., lo que lleva a la pérdida de la capacidad de moverse y comer. Como resultado, las funciones vitales del cuerpo cesan, y las plagas mueren.
Aunque el gas fosfina es pesado, Por lo general, por su propio peso, no se hunde más profundamente que 1-2 metros en el grano, y fumigar todo el volumen de grano en el elevador de granos, el grano se mueve, bajando su nivel en el silo de almacenamiento para 2 metros y rebombeo del grano, subiendo el nivel, adding solid phosphide (later changing to gaseous phosphine) layer by layer into the capacity of the grain storage bin.
Energy-intensive machinery and equipment are used to move grain into the grain storage facility. Debido a la difusión de gases, hasta 20% of the phosphine unintentionally spreads into thegranaries technical rooms and beyond. Esto crea restricciones a la presencia de personal en el almacén de granos sin equipo de protección durante un largo período. (el periodo de fumigación, exposición, y descontaminación (Ventilación forzada de estos locales.) y limita la implementación de otros trabajos tecnológicos en la instalación..
La fumigación se realiza con fumigantes sólidos. (en forma de tabletas esféricas, platos, tabletas planas, gránulos) pesando desde 3 Gramos, Fosfuro de aluminio o fosfuro de magnesio, suministrado por el fabricante en latas de aluminio selladas con tapa hermética.
El fosfuro se introduce en las capas de grano en forma de tabletas sólidas. (platos, gránulos), dónde, bajo la influencia de la humedad del entorno circundante (en los granos y en el aire entre los granos), reacciona con el aire húmedo para formar fosfina gaseosa.. Una tableta de fosfuro de aluminio de 3 gramos libera aproximadamente 1 gramo de fosfina gaseosa.
Luego, la fosfina se propaga a través del espacio intergranular mediante difusión de gas., normalmente se hunde a poca profundidad. Por eso es importante distribuir uniformemente el fumigante sólido fosfuro., capa por capa, a lo largo del grano, using a layer-by-layer method of introducing fumigants into grains in a vertical grain storage facility.
Por ejemplo, en horizontal (piso) almacenes de granos, donde la altura del almacenamiento de granos no exceda 3-5 metros, la introducción de fumigantes de fosfuro sólido se realiza manualmente mediante sonda – utilizando sondas de fumigación especiales (hasta 2 m de largo), el fumigante se inserta y descarga en el espesor del grano a una profundidad igual a la longitud de la sonda.
In conditions of great height (profundidad) del almacenamiento de granos en instalaciones verticales de almacenamiento de granos (silos) hasta 30 metro, this method (the probe method) of grain fumigation is impossible. In vertical (silo) grain storage facilities, phosphide is introduced into the grain layer by layer, moving it from one bin to another, with the help of grain conveyors.
¿Cuáles son las desventajas y riesgos de fumigar granos en un silo elevador de granos utilizando métodos de fumigación tradicionales??
DESCRIPCIÓN
1. El movimiento total o parcial del grano para fumigación se logra mediante mecanismos y equipos elevadores..
Energy consumption of grain elevator equipment and labor costs are considered as a part of the technological process.
CLASIFICACIÓN, CONCLUSIÓN
Desventajas económicas:
1.1. Costos de energía asociados con la operación de equipos., mecanismos, e iluminacion.
1.2. Costos laborales asociados con el mantenimiento del personal para apoyar el proceso..
2. Long-term fumigation of grain in silos is associated with the use of other elevator systems and mechanisms, time spent on moving or lowering the grain and reloading it into the silo, during which phosphides are simultaneously loaded into the grain layer by layer.
Desventajas económicas:
2. The duration of grain fumigation by the layer-by-layer addition of phosphides to the grain in the silo is determined by the sequence of technological operations in traditional fumigation technology and is proportional to the speed of grain movement (loading of grain into the bin).
3. Downtime of the entire silo building of the grain storage facility, even those tanks in which grain fumigation is not carried out.
Restrictions on the operation of the entire grain storage facility.
Desventajas económicas:
3. Vertical reinforced concrete grain storage facilities typically consist of 50 or more vertical tanks.
When fumigating grain in individual tanks, the entire grain storage building is used during grain pumping to lower the grain level in these individual tanks, and phosphine gases are distributed throughout the vertical grain storage facility by diffusion. Así, performing other technological operations, even with unfumigated grain, becomes impossible. Fumigation of individual tanks (bin) establishes a quarantine for the entire grain storage building.
Selective, safe fumigation of individual grain tanks using traditional chemical fumigation methods is impossible.
4. Due to the continuous movement of grain and open loading of phosphines into silos (through a conveyor or hatches), there is an involuntary spread of phosphine gases (hasta 20%) outside the grain storage facility under the influence of gas diffusion and wind.
Riesgos ambientales, riesgos industriales:
4. Fuga de gas fosfina a otras áreas de producción de la instalación. (galerías de ascensor superior e inferior), al área exterior de la instalación, y al entorno circundante.
5. Alto costo de los trabajos de fumigación y alta intensidad de mano de obra de los trabajos de fumigación. (servicios)
Desventajas económicas:
5. Alto costo de los servicios de fumigación para el cliente.
6. Durante el almacenamiento a corto plazo de cereales., sometimes focal fumigation of a separate section (capa) Se requiere una cantidad de grano cuando se ha observado una concentración de plagas., revelado por una temperatura elevada del grano a cierta profundidad.
Desventajas económicas:
6. La fumigación de una sola fuente de contaminación en una instalación de almacenamiento de granos es imposible debido a la imposibilidad técnica de entregar el fumigante a una instalación separada., punto designado dentro de una única capacidad de almacenamiento sin mover todo el volumen de grano en esa capacidad de almacenamiento.
7. Loosening and aerating grain is an important process for preventing grain spoilage, helping to reduce humidity and temperature, prevent mold formation and self-heating of the grain.
Technically, this is achieved by supplying air to the grain bin using special equipment or by pumping (moving) grain from one silo bin to another, which requires additional energy and labor costs.
Desventajas económicas:
7. Loosening and aeration of grain is a separate technological process that requires the use of additional energy-intensive elevator equipment, technological time and labor costs.
New Possibilities in Chemical Fumigation of Grain in Vertical Grain Storage Facilities with SGFOne Technology
SGFOne – grain fumigation at specified coordinates, a new fumigation method involves fumigating with phosphides a specific target point in the thickness of stored grain – the source of contamination in the depth of stored grain in a vertical silo bin or layer-by-layer the entire volume of grain in a separate bin, without moving the grain, by a method of delivering phosphides to specified points in the grain thickness at any depth (altura) of grain storage, by immersing the SGFOne device (phosphide loader) deep into the thickness of the grain.
Briefly about SGFOne® grain fumigation technology: There is no longer any need to move grain in vertical grain bins or lower the grain bed level during fumigation, use energy-intensive elevator equipment to move grain, isolate individual parts of the grain storage facility due to the spread of phosphine gases – The world’s first self-immersing grain fumigator SGFOne will dive into the grain layers to a specified depth (altura) in the grain bin, deliver and unload the Phosphide fumigant at a specified point or throughout the entire bin (capa por capa) and return back.
Grain fumigation in silos with SGFOne:
1) Very economical: no energy consumption by the grain storage facility, no need to move or lower the grain level in the silos, no need to operate energy-intensive elevator equipment, no personnel required to maintain the grain storage facility during fumigation.
2) Very fast. No more moving grain: the grain fumigation rate in the silo is proportional to the vertical movement of the SGFOne Self-immersing Grain Fumigator within the grain. And on average from 200 tons of grain/hour Para 900 tons of grain/hour.
Savings in production time and man-hours spent on fumigation as much as 10 times.
The SGFOne average vertical movement speed between layers of wheat grain in a silo is 1 meter per minute.
Por ejemplo, the SGFOne can traverse a 30-meter-high silo in both directions (a 60-meter journey) and discharge phosphides layer by layer at specified points on average in 1 hour.
Así, for a vertical silo of a reinforced concrete grain elevator with a height of 30 metro, the grain fumigation rate is 200 tons per hour.
And this is just with one SGFOne device!
Or a 20m high, 18m diameter metal grain bin with a grain capacity of 5,000 tons, three SGFOne Self-immersing Grain Fumigators will fumigate in less than 6 horas, with an average fumigation rate of 840 tons per hour.
3) Now there will be no downtime for adjacent and neighboring tanks located in the same silo building.
Because the grain remains stationary and the phosphide fumigants are carefully delivered directly to the target point within the stationary grain in a single bin (other tanks and elevator systems are not involved), diffusion does not extend beyond the single fumigated bin.
4) Environmental risks are minimized, there is no grain movement, very precise delivery of phosphides inside the stationary grain, no diffusion of phosphines outside the grain bin.
5) With SGFOne you can selectively fumigate electively only one point in the grain, a cualquier profundidad (altura) del silo,it is possible to fumigate only the source of infested stationary grain in the grain bin.
This is precisely what the Fumigation of Grain at Given Coordinates Method is all about.
6) The self-immersing grain fumigator SGFOne, when passing through the thickness of the grain for grain fumigation, spontaneously loosens the grain in the silo bunker over a radius of 1.5 m along the trajectory of vertical movement.
An additional function of the SGFOne is aeration of grain in the silo bunker. The SGFOne can be optionally equipped with an air duct, which is a set of perforated aluminum-magnesium alloy pipes connected to each other with special quick-release couplings for aeration of grain during immersion of the SGFOne for grain fumigation.
If necessary, the self-immersing SGFOne fumigator can insert an air duct (which passes through the grain along the vertical trajectory of the SGFOne path) into the grain to a depth of up to 30 metros. By connecting an air compressor to the air duct, the grain in the silo is aerated by forcing air into the air duct and the distribution of air under pressure in deep layers of grain in a silo bunker. Aeration of grain during fumigation is an additional function that requires additional time.